Chapter 91 Medinan
91

Ash-Shams

الشمس
The Opening
Verses 15
Revealed in Medina
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أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ
I seek refuge in Allah from Satan, the accursed one
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
1
وَٱلشَّمْسِ وَضُحَىٰهَا ﴿1﴾
91:1
By the sun and its brightness
2
وَٱلْقَمَرِ إِذَا تَلَىٰهَا ﴿2﴾
91:2
And [by] the moon when it follows it
3
وَٱلنَّهَارِ إِذَا جَلَّىٰهَا ﴿3﴾
91:3
And [by] the day when it displays it1 Footnote - 1 The earth. Also interpreted as the sun. The same applies to the following verse.
4
وَٱلَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَىٰهَا ﴿4﴾
91:4
And [by] the night when it covers [i.e., conceals] it
5
وَٱلسَّمَآءِ وَمَا بَنَىٰهَا ﴿5﴾
91:5
And [by] the sky and He who constructed it
6
وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا طَحَىٰهَا ﴿6﴾
91:6
And [by] the earth and He who spread it
7
وَنَفْسٍۢ وَمَا سَوَّىٰهَا ﴿7﴾
91:7
And [by] the soul and He who proportioned it1 Footnote - 1 i.e., balanced and refined it, creating in it sound tendencies and consciousness.
8
فَأَلْهَمَهَا فُجُورَهَا وَتَقْوَىٰهَا ﴿8﴾
91:8
And inspired it [with discernment of] its wickedness and its righteousness,
9
قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَن زَكَّىٰهَا ﴿9﴾
91:9
He has succeeded who purifies it,
10
وَقَدْ خَابَ مَن دَسَّىٰهَا ﴿10﴾
91:10
And he has failed who instills it [with corruption].
11
كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوَىٰهَآ ﴿11﴾
91:11
Thamūd denied [their prophet] by reason of their transgression,
12
إِذِ ٱنۢبَعَثَ أَشْقَىٰهَا ﴿12﴾
91:12
When the most wretched of them was sent forth.1 Footnote - 1 To hamstring the she-camel which had been sent by Allāh as a sign to them.
13
فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ نَاقَةَ ٱللَّهِ وَسُقْيَـٰهَا ﴿13﴾
91:13
And the messenger of Allāh [i.e., Ṣāliḥ] said to them, "[Do not harm] the she-camel of Allāh or [prevent her from] her drink."
14
فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهَا فَدَمْدَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُم بِذَنۢبِهِمْ فَسَوَّىٰهَا ﴿14﴾
91:14
But they denied him and hamstrung1 her. So their Lord brought down upon them destruction for their sin and made it equal [upon all of them].
15
وَلَا يَخَافُ عُقْبَـٰهَا ﴿15﴾
91:15
And He does not fear the consequence thereof.1 Footnote - 1 Allāh is not asked about what He does, but His servants will be asked. See 21:23
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